A Bit More On MAP & Richard Webster Success Story 1994.
Mycobacterium avium subspecies Paratuberculosis.
( From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ).
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is a pathogenic bacteria in the genus Mycobacteria. It is often abbreviated Map, M. paratuberculosis, or M. avium sub. paratuberculosis.
Map causes Johne's Disease in cattle and other ruminants, and it has long been suspected as a causative agent in Crohn's Disease in humans.Recent studies have shown that Map present in milk can survive pasteurization, which has raised human health concerns due to the widespread nature of Map in modern dairy herds. Map is heat resistant and it is capable of sequestering itself inside white blood cells, which may contribute to its persistence in milk. It has also been reported to survive chlorination in municipal water supplies.Even though Map is hardy, it is slow growing and fastidious, which means it is difficult to culture. Many negative studies for Map presence in living tissue, food, and water have used culture methods to determine whether the bacteria is present. Due to recent advances in our knowledge of the bacterium, some or all of these studies may need to be re-evaluated on the basis of culture methodology.
Map, like most mycobacteria, is difficult to treat. It is not susceptible to anti-tuberculosis drugs (which can generally kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis), but can only be treated with a combination of antibiotics such as Rifabutin and a macrolide such as Clarithromycin. Treatment regimes can last years.Li et al., in 2005, sequenced and investigated the Map strain K-10 which consist of a single circular chromosome of 4,829,781 base pairs................................................................................The Richard Webster Success Story.
Richard Webster Success Story in 1994.
Twelve + years ago, Richard Webster became seriously ill with Crohn’s Disease. He was rapidly losing weight, bleeding profusely and suffering tremendous pain. Doctors strongly advised him to undergo radical surgery to remove his large intestine in an attempt to control his D isease. But at 24 Richard was reluctant to commit to surgery that would leave him with a stoma – a permanent opening on his stomach with a bag attached. Instead, he turned to an unproven treatment. Today Richard, the father of two young daughters, is enjoying a busy life in Essex where he works as a quantity surveyor. " I haven’t looked back, " he says.
The treatment that Richard believes spared him from surgery was a combination of two antibiotics: clarithromycin and rifabutin. Even with this treatment there is no guaranteed that his illness won’t return, but Richard is convinced the drugs work. So could they really cure Crohn’s Disease?
Affecting more than 250,000 people in Britain, the inflammatory disorder most commonly affects the small intestine and colon. Most sufferers are diagnosed between 15 and 25. It can cause patchy ulceration along the gut and results in pain, severe diarrhoea, bleeding, weight loss and tiredness. The measles vaccine and food intolerance have been suspected as triggers, but there is no conclusive research. Richard requested the antibiotic treatment after hearing about the work of John Hermon-Taylor, professor of surgery at St. George’s Hospital in London, who has a special interest in molecular and cellular science. He believes Crohn’s Disease is caused by an organism called Mycobacterium para-tuberculosis ( M. paraTB) that is also responsible for John’s Disease in cattle and sheep.
"Evidence suggests most people have been exposed to it," he says. " many can harbour it for years and never become diseased.
" But some people, either those born susceptible or made susceptible – say, by another infection or shock – can develop chronic inflammation as a result. "
During the summer of 1994, Richard was trying an exclusion diet where he added one new food at a time. When he tried milk, his symptoms worsened. He mentioned this to his father, Jim, who had heard Prof Hermon-Taylor speaking about M.para-TB at a Crohn’s seminar. Richard made a connection between the professor’s views and his own experiences and asked for his help.
Professor Hermon-Taylor has treated over 100 patients with the antibiotics. His results suggest that about " four out of every five get massively better ". Because M.paraTB is difficult to eradicate, treatment is long. Richard took the antibiotics for nearly three years. "One of the tremendous things is the way that Richard has been saved from major surgery," says the professor. Dr. Stuart Gould, a gastroenterologist at Epsom General Hospital in Surrey, has a special interest in inflammatory bowel diseases.
"People have suggested that M.paraTB might be the cause, and yet convincing proof has not been produced," he says. Dr. Gould argues that because Crohn’s is " a disease that relapses and remits " over time, there is no proof that Richard’s recovery would not have happened anyway. However, Prof Hermon-Taylor points out that his own results have recently been replicated by Dr. Tom Borody in Sydney, Australia.
For Richard, who enjoys a healthy life with his wife Sarah, Daisy, three and seven-week old Lily, it was all worth it.
" If I look back at how I was, there is no doubt in my mind that I am cured, " he says.
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