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Sanbon Gumite.
'Three-step sparring'. A system of combat, developed by Suzuki Tatsuo 8th Dan Hanshi, where an attacker steps back into stance (with Kiai), then forward with three consecutive punches or kicks. The defender moves back, and the third attack is countered with a finishing technique.
Sanbon-gumite-junzuki-uke:
Ipponme; A - Yohi, step back into left junzuki - Step forward 3 junzuki attack, jodan. D - Yohi, step back into R, L, R, 2 head blocks (jodan-uke), left back hand block (haishu-uke), right rising punch to the head (jodan-age-tsuki), slide in left elbow strike to the body (chudan-empi-uchi).
Nihonme; A - As above. D - Yohi, back into L, R, L, 2 head blocks (jodan-uke), left Kagi-tsuki (incorporating left 'precautionary' ude-uke), horse riding stance (shiko-ashi-dachi), grab arm and back of opponent's neck, pull onto right knee strike to the body (hiza-geri-chudan).
Sanbonme; A - As above. D - Yohi, step back into L, R, L, 2 head blocks (jodan-uke), left flowing punch to the head (nagashizuki-jodan), draw back left leg for distance, right roundhouse kick to the body (mawashigeri-chudan).
Yonhonme; A - As above. D - Yohi, step back into L, R, L, 2 head blocks (jodan-uke), rising/deflecting left elbow/forearm block (age-empi-uke), left downward back-fist strike to the body (uraken-uchi-tate-mawashi-chudan), slide in with left leg (gyakuzuki-dachi), right (closed hand) ridge hand strike to the groin (haito-uchi-gedan).
Gohonme; A - Yohi, step back into left junzuki - Step forward 3 junzuki attack, chudan. D - Yohi, step back into R, L, R, 3 outer body blocks (soto-uke-chudan), right short cat-stance (mashomen-no-neko-ashi-dachi), right grab, right front kick off leading leg (mae-ashi-maegeri-chudan), left reverse punch (gyakuzuki-chudan).
Ropponme; A - As above. D - Yohi, step back into R, L, R, 3 inner body blocks (uchi-uke-chudan), horse riding stance (shiko-ashi-dachi), slide in right elbow strike (yoko-empi-uchi-chudan).
Sanbon-gumite-maegeri-uke:
Ipponme; A - Yohi, step back into left fighting stance (hidari-hanmi-gamae) - Step forward 3 front kicks to the body (maegeri-chudan). D - Yohi, back into R, L, slide back, left inner open-hand deflecting block (te-nagashi-uke), right reverse punch chudan.
Nihonme; A - As above. D - Yohi, back into L, R, L, left inner open-hand deflecting block, right reverse punch chudan.
Sanbonme; A - Yohi, step back into left fighting stance - Step forward 2 front kicks (maegeri-chudan), one step front kick (surikomi-maegeri-chudan). D - Yohi, step back into R, L, R, right inner open-hand deflecting block, left reverse punch chudan.
Yonhonme; A - Yohi, step back into left fighting stance (hidari-hanmi-gamae) - Step forward 3 front kicks (maegeri-chudan). D - Yohi, step back into R, L, slide forward with left foot (junzuki-tsukkomi-dachi), left lower forearm block (gedan-ude-uke), right reverse punch chudan.
Gohonme; A - As above. D - Yohi, back into L, R, slide body to the left, right open-hand deflecting block, slide back in with left reverse punch.
Ropponme; A - Yohi, step back into left fighting stance - Step forward 2 front kicks (maegeri-chudan), one step front kick (surikomi-maegeri-chudan). D - Yohi, back into R, L, slide body to the right, left open-hand deflecting block, slide back in with right reverse punch.
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Ohyo Gumite.
'Semi-free sparring'. The prearranged fighting sequences practised in Wado-ryu Karate.
(A = Attack, D = Defence - R = Right stance, L = Left stance). Prior to the attack/defence the tactic of nijiri-ashi (creeping-foot) is performed by both the attacker and defender. The attacker 'creeps' forward (mae-nijiri-ashi/ma-o-nusumu) to take advantage, and the defender 'creeps' back (ushiro-nijiri-ashi) to retain the ma-ai.
Ohyo-gumite:
Ipponme; A - L: Step forward with head then chest punch, left foot sweep, right reverse punch to the body. D - L: Step back into right short cat stance with right inner sword hand block.
Nihonme; A - R: Right leg slides forward with left reverse punch to the head, one step foot sweep, left reverse punch to the body. D - L: Draw back into long cat stance with left inner sword hand block.
Sanbonme; A - L: Step forward with head then chest punch, slide forward to twist into right horse riding stance (avoiding oncoming punch from opponent), with right arm across D's chest and right shoulder, take down over right knee, back fist to head. D - R: Step back into left fighting stance, slide forward left leaning lunge punch to the head.
Yonhonme; A - R: Step forward with right back-fist strike to the head (temple), left hand grabs D's right sleeve (between elbow and shoulder), right reverse punch to the body, right hand grabs D's left shoulder (A's arm behind D's neck), pull onto right knee strike, right downward elbow strike to base of skull. D - R: Draw back into right side viewing back stance blocking with right forearm to cover side of head (temple).
Gohonme; A - L: Step forward left reverse punch, one step front kick to the body. D - L: Step back with right inner block to the body, step back with left inner open-hand deflecting block, right ridge-hand strike to the 'floating-ribs', right back-fist strike to the head, left hand grabs A's right shoulder, drop down onto right knee pulling A to the ground while right hand strikes rear of A's right knee, sword hand strike to the side of head.
Ropponme; A - L: One step front kick to the body, left leg slides forward with right reverse punch to the head, one step foot sweep, bring left leg back for distancing, right roundhouse kick to the body. D - L: Step back into right fighting stance, draw back into long cat stance while blocking in with right sword hand block.
Nanahonme; A - L: Slide forward left snap punch, slide forward left snap punch, slide back with left open-hand deflecting block, right reverse punch to the body, right hand grabs D's right shoulder, place right foot sole (toes out) behind D's right knee, pull D's shoulder to the right taking him to the ground, reverse punch to the head. D - L: Slide back with right inner open-hand deflecting block, slide back with right inner open-hand deflecting block, right front kick to the body.
Napponme; A - R: One step foot sweep, foot sweep, back kick to the body, right outer block while performing left reverse punch to the body. D - L: Step back into right fighting stance, step back into left fighting stance.
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Kihon Gumite.
'Fundamental sparring'. The prearranged fighting sequences within Japanese and Okinawan Karate that reflect the fundamental concepts of the individual style.
(A = Attack, D = Defence - R = Right stance, L = Left stance). Prior to the attack/defence, the tactic of nijiri-ashi (creeping-foot) is performed by both the attacker and defender. The attacker 'creeps' forward (mae-nijiri-ashi/ma-o-nusumu) to take advantage, and the defender 'creeps' back (ushiro-suri-ashi) to retain the ma-ai.
Kihon-gumite:
Ipponme; A - R: Tobikomizuki-jodan, gyakuzuki-chudan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, left foot slides forward and outward and twisting into migi-tate-seishan-dachi, whilst turning the body to avoid punch, right nagashi-gedan-barai (noru) with left nakadaka-ippon-ken-chudan.
Nihonme; A - R: Tobikomizuki-jodan, surikomi-sokuto-chudan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, hidari-gyaku-neko-ashi-dachi with right gedan-barai, right foot slides in behind A's right leg, twist 180 into gyakuzuki-tsukkomi-dachi while striking with right soto-haito-uchi (upper right ribs, between spine & left shoulder blade) and left shotei-uchi (right kidney) chudan.
Sanbonme; A - R: Tobikomizuki-jodan, right foot draws back for ma-ai to deliver left maegeri-chudan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, slide forward into right tate-seishan-dachi with right tate-chudan-tsuki/nakadaka-ippon-ken (solar-plexus), while using left fist to 'protect' the body from A's kicking leg.
Yonhonme; A - L: Tobikomizuki-jodan, gyakuzuki-jodan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, draw back into mashomen-no-neko-ashi-dachi while blocking with left te-nagashi-uke-jodan, slide towards the opponent into migi-tate-seishan-dachi with left palm osae-uke on A's right punching arm, while striking nakadaka-ippon-ken-chudan to the middle/upper ribs under A's arm.
Gohonme; A - L: Tobikomizuki-jodan, gyakuzuki-chudan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, draw back into mashomen-no-neko-ashi-dachi while blocking with atoshi-uraken-uke, left hand grabs A's right fist while sliding into migi-tate-seishan-dachi striking right ippon-ken-chin-chu (under the nose), slide into right shiko-ashi-dachi while delivering right chudan-empi-uchi (sternum), right hand assists left with fist grab applying grab/lock, using circular motion on takedown technique while moving into right mashomen-no-neko-ashi-dachi, right kosa-dachi, right mashomen-no-neko-ashi-dachi, as A falls ensure right foot is placed under A's right shoulder-blade, apply arm-locking technique (while A is on the ground control must be kept with both hands), place right knee above A's elbow joint, release your right hand to reinforce control on the forearm (thumb turned in), take arm to the ground pressing both knee and hand against A's arm while moving and resting into left kata-hiza-dachi, right shuto-uchi-jodan (to the side of the head/temple), place hand back on A's arm with thumb pointing outwards this time, release knee pressure while still controlling A with the hands, left kata-hiza-dachi, release.
Ropponme; A - L: Tobikomizuki-jodan, surikomi-sokuto-chudan, gyakuzuki-jodan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, twist to the left with hidari-gyaku-neko-ashi-dachi and using right gedan-barai, twist back 180° to the right in migi-tate-seishan-dachi while using right haishu-uke-jodan and left nakadaka-ippon-ken-chudan.
Nanahonme; A - L: Tobikomizuki-jodan, left foot draws back for ma-ai to deliver right maegeri-chudan. D - R: Nagashi-soto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, slide into migi-nagashi-tsuki-dachi while delivering right tate-shuto-uchi to the neck, under A's jaw.
Napponme; A - R: Tobikomizuki-chudan, gyakuzuki-jodan. D - R: Chudan-uchi-uke in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, while twisting the body further back (while still retaining migi-tate-seishan-dachi) block age-empi-uke, slide forward into shiko-ashi-dachi while striking right hitosashi-ippon-ken to A's groin, slide in reinforcing right yoko-empi-uchi in shiko-ashi-dachi, twist body to face A, press A's wrist and forearm with both hands (left tate-shuto position on arm while right haishu 'rests and presses' against the back of A's wrist) while right knee presses against the inside of A's leading leg, release when A becomes unbalanced.
Kyuhonme; A - R: Tobikomizuki-chudan, gyakuzuki-chudan. D - R: Chudan-uchi-uke in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, left foot slides forward and outward into migi-tate-seishan-dachi while delivering left nakadaka-ippon-ken to A's throat/neck whilst deflecting with right haishu-uke.
Jupponme; A - R: Tobikomizuki-jodan, gyakuzuki-jodan. D - R: Uchi-shuto-uke-jodan in migi-tate-seishan-dachi, right soto-haishu-uke while striking the vulnerable point just above the left chest (and below the collar bone) with migi-tate-empi-uchi in migi-tate-seishan-dachi - the left hand presses with osae-uke to A's right wrist at the same time, draw left arm back while grabbing A's sleeve, at the shoulder/arm area, with right hand - between shoulder and elbow, strike left haito-uchi to A's groin in gyakuzuki-dachi, step under your own right arm with left leg moving into gyaku-neko-ashi-dachi while grabbing A's left leg, throw A over right shoulder while using a lifting manoeuvre with the left hip - dropping down and releasing grasp on A's leg as his weight shifts forwards, pull down with right hand to create throw whilst drawing back and down into left kata-hiza-dachi.
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Formal Bowing Procedure.
The ‘traditional’ method of lining up in the Dojo is quite simple.
On the command of ‘Seiretsu’ students must line-up quickly and quietly in the proper grade/rank order (highest ranks starting from the front-right working down to the lowest ranks on the rear-left) in equal rank & file in the Kiritsu (informal attention) position (Musubi-dachi). You must not pass in front of higher graded ranks to do so, filter in from the rear and side of your own line. All Sensei stand facing the rank & file of students.
In the event that there is more than one Sensei, the highest graded Sensei would usually be positioned at the left of the lower ranked Sensei (this would then be in correct rank position during the 'Shomen-ni-rei', where the highest ranks must be on the right as in the line up).
Bowing-on Procedure:
Sensei: 'Seiretsu' (line up in correct ranks and files). Sensei ‘signals’ the Sempai to acknowledge the start of the bowing-on procedure.
Sempai: 'Seiza' (all knee).
Sensei: 'Dojo kun' (Dojo maxims).
Deshi: 'Dojo kun'.
Sensei: 'Reisetsu O Mamori' (stick to the rules of the Dojo).
Deshi: 'Reisetsu O Mamori'.
Sensei: 'Shingi O Omanji' (be loyal to your Instructor).
Deshi: 'Shingi O Omanji.'
Sensei: 'Jojitsu Ni Oberesu' (students & Instructors are not all one, never take advantage of his friendship).
Deshi: 'Jojitsu Ni Oberesu.'
Sensei: 'Shinkenmi Ni Tesseyo' (be serious in your efforts).
Deshi: 'Shinkenmi Ni Tesseyo'.
Sensei: 'Mokuso' (quiet thought).
Students and Instructors shut their eyes for a moment of meditation to clear the mind of outside distractions etc., concentrating on the task ahead of serious Karate training and the concepts of the Dojo-kun.
Sensei: 'Mokuso Yamae' (stop meditating) – all students and instructors open their eyes and look to the front. The Sensei will turn to face the Shomen (front), towards the Kamiza (shrine).
Sempai: Shomen Ni Rei (bow to the front) – all bow.
The Sensei turns to face the class.
Sempai: 'Sensei Ni Rei' (bow to the Instructor) – all bow.
Sempai: 'Otaga Ni Rei' (bow to each other) – Deshi bow.
Sempai: 'Kiritsu' (come to attention. All stand at once, with the Sensei, to the attention stance – Musubi Dachi) – all bow.
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